This note reports an initiative recently announced by University management without prior consultation. The aim here is to inform members, to explore possible consequences of the initiative, and then to obtain comment from members.
Former Exceptional Circumstances Policy
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The ‘Exceptional Circumstances’ (EC) policy exists to assist students who wish to defer an assessment deadline on the basis that he/she is in “circumstances which are outside the control of the student and negatively affect academic performance.” It involves a formal and quite complex procedure.
At the time of writing this policy could be found here:
The policy is 32 pages long. Briefly stated, it defines ‘exceptional circumstances’, states what evidence must be submitted when applying (a GP’s letter, proof of bereavement etc.), and describes how the cases are formally assessed and which staff members have this responsibility.
Changes in 2024/5
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A new EC approach was introduced in the previous academic year. It had very different requirements and had considerable consequences for staff.
The Limited ‘Self-EC’ Experiment
In AY 24/5 the University introduced a system of ‘self-ECs’ which ran in parallel with the existing EC policy. With ‘self-ECs’ students can simply self-certify an EC and this was then accepted at face value rather than investigated with a requirement for proof. Students declare a self-EC and this give them an extra week (five working days) beyond the normal module deadline.
At the time of writing these regulations could be found here:
These are also copied in the appendix at the end of this note.
The requirements for self-ECs are very different from those of existing ECs. They are used when students have no evidence of their circumstances. As the regulations state:
“Self-certification should be used if you have valid ECs that you cannot evidence. If you can provide evidence of your circumstances and their impact on your study, submitting a standard EC form would be the better option for you.”
Despite the delayed submission that results, staff were still required to mark and moderate all submitted work within 15 working days of the standard deadline.
The key point to note about this change was that self-ECs were limited to two modules/instances per year.
Consequences for Staff
With large amounts of marking to do and despite diaries carefully structured to deal with the expected load, the new approach created considerable difficulties in June this year. Going into Blackboard, staff were surprised to find that a significant number of students had invoked the self-EC on their module, so that not all scripts were there to be marked. Obviously it seemed possible to start marking – but marking could not be completed until the late scripts were also uploaded up to a week after the deadline.
The key issue was the proportion of students who would be late. Not all of the expected scripts for any given module were submitted on time. Instead, a certain percentage came late. Colleagues experienced late figures in the range 25 – 40%.
Some staff we have heard from had great difficulties scheduling their time because they had expected to be able to finish marking and move to other important activities. Instead, they had to interrupt marking (having marked all the ‘on times’), start these other activities for a period, then interrupt these to go back to mark the late scripts, only then returning to the other activities. The volume of marking may be the same but the spread was different and unpredictable. Numerous colleagues have spoken about working across multiple weekends, the clashes with other University duties because of diary disruption etc. One related that he eventually spent a single 20 hour period completing his marking. Many finished June utterly exhausted by the efforts.
Changes in 2025/6
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A further initiative has been announced for the upcoming academic year.
The Initiative and its Justification
It was announced in July that the self-EC scheme would be extended into next year – with a key change. It would not be restricted to two modules but would be UNLIMITED in number.
The justification for the change was twofold:
1.With the 24/5 formal ECs, 90% of the reasons were accepted, i.e. the assessed students claims were thought to be justified.
2.The ‘analysis’ indicated that in not investigating all of the formal ECs the University could have saved £ 1.3 million in staff time.
The over-arching point here is that on the basis of this ‘analysis’ it has been decided that a key change would be implemented for 25/26: students will be given not two but an unlimited number of usages of self-EC.
Staff Response and Other Issues
Many staff are uneasy about this idea. At the ‘breakfast meeting’ with University management at which it was announced, many representatives expressed unhappiness. At various local meetings three questions have been asked:
1. Was late work still required to be marked to the same deadline?
2. Had any estimate been made of the cost/value of the disruption and stress and over-time generated for faculty as a result of this year’s change?
3. Was it realised that most staff thought this a very bad idea?
The answers were, respectively:
1. For Semester 1 submissions, late work would now have a marking deadline 15 days after the late submission date. However, this was not possible for Semester 2 if students were to receive their marks in time. Hence all Semester 2 late work would need to be marked (and moderated) within 10 working days in order to hit the unchanged deadline
2. No, no such estimate had been made.
3. Faculty objections had been over-ruled because of the perceived advantages
Two other issues have subsequently come to light.
Some work is being marked twice
Students can submit a self-EC up to two working days AFTER the formal deadline. It is therefore possible for students to submit work to BB within the deadline and then submit a new version some days later. Colleague have reported instances on modules in which work was submitted and marked – and then a new version submitted from the same student. This had to be marked a second time. One colleague who had experienced this raised the matter with the Programme Administration team and also the SDTL. He was told that it was unavoidable – unless it was explicitly forbidden but that that went against university policy.
Clearly this increases the marking load and is a wasteful use of faculty time.
This same idea was tried and rejected at another university
In one meeting when the initiative was announced, a colleague reported that during an external exam board, when it had been mentioned that self-ECs might be unlimited at Reading next year, one of the external examiners shared his experience. He explained that his (Russell Group) university had implemented a similar policy the previous year, found it unmanageable, and then reverted to a limited self-EC allowance.
Key Concerns
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The initiative seems ill-thought out. It ignores significant faculty opposition and entirely predictable damaging consequence for faculty. Specific concerns are:-
a) The justification involves a one-sided calculation of costs saved whilst completely (apparently consciously) failing to ‘value’ the effects on staff of 24/5’s arrangements.
b) Previous sector experience has not been taken into account.
c) In 24/25 the limited self-ECs had bad effects. With unlimited self-ECs we can reasonably expect a significant increase in the late percentages.
d) The double-marking problem will become worse, increasing the load.
e) The only way to avoid double-marking is not even to begin marking until two days after the formal deadline – a loss of those two days, leaving only 13 days to mark.
f) The 15 day marking deadline already means an intense period of work for staff with large modules. With this policy University management has de facto shifted considerably towards imposing a ten day marking window.
g) Vast amounts of over-time will be worked – unremunerated. Yet all of the additional costs to faculty will be hidden; these are treated as mere externalities, not used to assess the effectiveness of the scheme.
h) There will be greater disruption to the work that staff want to do in other areas.
i) How was the supposed saving of £1.3 million calculated and what will it be spent on?
j) The initiative results from a management fiat which takes no account of faculty opinion and no account of the consequences for faculty.
k) The University is signalling ‘we will not pay to check that you are being honest’. If 10% of the claims in the formal EC procedure failed then what percentage of self-ECs might be questionable? ‘More than 10%’ seems a plausible answer. Are we not teaching our students to be deceitful and cynically manipulative?
The key questions:
– Are concerns widely shared amongst staff and, if they are
– What should we do to prevent what looks very much like a train-wreck, now set up to grind inexorably on over the next 9 months before creating an almighty and entirely predictable crunch in June 2026?
We welcome your comments.
2024/5 Regulations for Limited ‘Self-certification’
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We are committed to providing a support package for our students which provides flexibility while also ensuring that assessment is fair, academic attainment is recognised and specific impacts experienced by individuals are mitigated.
With this mind, the Exceptional Circumstances (EC) Policy has been updated to now include the provision of self-certification for an extension due to exceptional circumstances.
Self-certification allows you the opportunity and responsibility to submit a claim for a five working day extension, in appropriate circumstances. This is in recognition that it is not always possible or appropriate for you to seek an appointment, or consult with a GP, for short-term illness nor is it always possible to obtain evidence for other short-term circumstances. Self-certification will be granted only on the basis of allowable exceptional circumstances.
The ability to self-certify for an extension due to exceptional circumstances is only permitted twice in one academic year. Subsequent requests in the same academic year will need to be submitted using the standard, non-self-certification, exceptional circumstances form and will require evidence in the normal way. Self-certification should be used if you have valid ECs that you cannot evidence. If you can provide evidence of your circumstances and their impact on your study, submitting a standard EC form would be the better option for you.
Self-certification is not available for every type of assessment and can only be used for a five working day extension for eligible coursework assignments. On the self-certification request form, assessments will be available to select from two working days prior to the original coursework deadline and until two working days afterwards. For more details and information about how to make a self-certification request, please see the FAQs below.
If you wish to self-certify in order to receive a five working day extension of an eligible piece of coursework, you must complete the self-certification request form on RISIS.
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